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LEGAL DOCUMENT · PHASE 1

Private Beta Terms

Phase 1 Execution Framework · Version 1.0 · November 15, 2025

Scope: Phase 1 (Execution-Only, Non-Custodial, No Asset Management)

These Phase 1 Terms (Execution Framework, "Private Beta Terms") govern the scope of services, execution mechanics, user responsibilities, fees and usage restrictions during Phase 1 (Private Beta). They apply in addition to the Terms of Use and Risk Disclosure Statement of Tradoo AG.

Order of precedence in case of conflict:

1. Private Beta Terms (Phase 1)
2. Terms of Use
3. Risk Disclosure Statement

Table of Contents

Navigate to specific sections of these terms

1Preamble
2Contracting Parties
3Definitions
4Scope and Usage Restrictions
5Wallet and Asset Control
6Strategy Selection
7Fee Structure (Phase 1)
8Risk Disclosure
9No Advisory Services
10Transition to Phase 2
11User Obligations
12Liability Limitations
13Amendment of Terms
14Governing Law
15Contact and Notices
16Final Provisions

Preliminary Remarks: Scope / Phase 1 (Execution-Only)

Scope and regulatory context

These terms apply exclusively to Phase 1 (“Execution-Only”). In Phase 1, Tradoo provides a non-custodial technical execution infrastructure. No asset management, investment advice, or strategic asset allocation is performed by Tradoo.

Access is limited exclusively to a closed user group (shareholders, Pre-Seed/Seed investors, contractually bound team members and expressly authorized pilot users). Any public offering is made exclusively within the prospectus exemption pursuant to Art. 36(1)(b) FIDLEG, as the maximum total volume of capital raising does not exceed CHF 8 million. No retail use or marketing to undefined groups of persons occurs.

The Platform performs only parametric execution adjustments within the strategy and risk framework defined by the user. All strategy and risk decisions remain entirely with the user.

Regulatory status: Under current legal understanding, Phase 1 does not require authorization. Tradoo continuously monitors regulatory developments.

Outlook / Phase 2 (Regulated Asset Management)

Future development path

Tradoo plans a later Phase 2 with licensed asset management services.

Activation will occur only:

  • After obtaining the required regulatory authorization (e.g., FINMA / FMA)
  • After prior notification to the user
  • Only with separate, explicit opt-in by the user
Important: Phase 1 does not automatically transition to Phase 2. Licensed services apply only after separate activation.
1

Preamble

1.1 Purpose and legal nature of these Private Beta Terms

These Private Beta Terms govern the use of the non-custodial technical execution infrastructure provided by Tradoo AG, Baarerstrasse 8, CH-6300 Zug, within the scope of Phase 1 (Execution Mode). The Platform enables the user to perform parametric execution of trading strategies for digital assets previously defined by the user. Tradoo makes no strategic investment decisions, performs no asset selection and does not alter the risk profile.

1.2 Closed user group (Private Beta / Early Access)

Access is restricted to a closed user group (shareholders, Pre-Seed/Seed investors, contractually bound team members and expressly authorized beta testers). No use by the general public occurs. Any public offering is made exclusively within the prospectus exemption pursuant to Art. 36(1)(b) FIDLEG, as the maximum total volume of capital raising does not exceed CHF 8 million.

The user undertakes to treat access credentials and internal information confidentially and not to disclose them to third parties.

1.3 No investment advice / No individual recommendation

Tradoo does not provide investment advice, suitability or appropriateness assessments, or individual recommendations for the acquisition or disposal of assets. All strategic decisions remain entirely with the user.

1.4 Distinction from licensed activities (Phase 1)

In Phase 1, no discretionary asset management pursuant to Art. 17 FinIA, no portfolio monitoring with intervention rights, no free asset allocation or rebalancing and no custody or control of private keys occurs. Tradoo provides exclusively an Execution-Only infrastructure that performs tactical parameterization within the strategy framework defined by the user.

Under current legal understanding, Phase 1 does not require authorization. Tradoo continuously monitors regulatory developments. Any future extension to licensed functions will occur only after obtaining the required authorization and with separate user consent (opt-in).

2

Contracting Parties and Company Information

2.1 Operator

Tradoo AG

Baarerstrasse 8

CH-6300 Zug

Switzerland

Company Identification (UID)CHE-216.713.957

Commercial Register of Canton Zug

View Register Entry ↗

2.2 Contact point

Email: legal@tradoo.finance

Communications may be transmitted electronically. Written form is required only where expressly mandated by law or contract.

2.3 User group and consumer protection

Services in Phase 1 are directed exclusively to the closed user group defined in Section 1.2. No contractual relationship with consumers within the meaning of Swiss or foreign consumer protection law is established. Consumer protection provisions do not apply as the Platform is not offered to the general public.

3

Definitions

The following definitions apply to these Private Beta Terms. They serve to provide clear legal and technical attribution of the terms used in this document.

3.1 "Wallet"

A Wallet is a user-controlled digital wallet. The private keys to this wallet are held exclusively by the user. Tradoo has no access to these keys at any time and cannot initiate transfers or withdrawals of assets for technical, organizational and legal reasons.

3.2 "Smart Contract Vault" ("Vault")

The Smart Contract Vault is a user-activated contract deployed on a public blockchain through which the user provides digital assets for execution of their selected strategy. Beneficial ownership of the deposited assets remains with the user at all times.

Deposits into the Vault occur exclusively through a user-authorized signature. Internal vault operations are technically limited to the strategy framework and risk parameters defined by the user and occur deterministically according to the execution logic embedded in the smart contracts. A change to the strategy framework, a free selection of assets, or a rebalancing between asset classes does not occur through the Vault and always requires a prior user decision.

Withdrawals or transfers from the Vault can only be triggered by a valid user signature. Tradoo has neither private keys of the user nor any technical, contractual, or economic disposal capability over assets held in the Vault. No rehypothecation, pledging, commingling, or other reuse of user assets by Tradoo occurs.

If the Vault is subject to technical adjustment or update, this occurs exclusively within a transparent and time-delayed governance mechanism (e.g., Timelock or comparable procedures) that does not open any independent disposal over the user"s assets.

3.3 "Non-custodial architecture"

The Platform is designed so that Tradoo never obtains actual or legal control over assets held in the smart contracts. Tradoo does not store or control user private keys and cannot initiate or release deposits or withdrawals. There is no ability to initiate, prevent, accelerate, or delay transactions.

Assets held in the Vault are neither custodied by Tradoo nor held in Tradoo accounts or omnibus containers. No commingling, pledging, lending, reuse, or rehypothecation of user assets occurs.

All access, transfer and disposal rights remain exclusively with the user. Tradoo possesses no technical or contractual mechanisms that could enable disposal of assets without a valid user signature.

3.4 "Risk parameters"

Risk parameters designate the overarching risk framework defined by the user. The user selects one of the following risk profiles:

Ultra Stable (delta-neutral)

No leverage (1x)

Conservative

No leverage (1x)

Moderate

Leverage up to max. 2x

Macro Adaptive (macro-sentiment)

Leverage up to max. 2x

Opportunity

Leverage up to max. 3x

Risk Prone

Leverage up to max. 5x

Tradoo AI (Multi-Strategy)

Dynamic (Portfolio Leverage ≤ 1.3x, Position Leverage ≤ 5x)

The risk profile is set exclusively by the user and can only be changed by the user. Tradoo does not adjust the risk profile.

For the six standard profiles (Ultra Stable to Risk Prone), execution occurs within fixed allocation targets and static leverage caps. The seventh profile, Tradoo AI, uses a multi-strategy ensemble that dynamically adjusts weighting between the six validated strategy approaches to market regimes. Tradoo AI remains strictly within defined risk limits (portfolio leverage max. 1.3x, position leverage max. 5x). Allocation decisions are made according to rule-based, transparent models – without discretionary scope.

Within the selected risk profile, execution occurs exclusively in the form of parametric fine-tuning. This includes in particular adjustment of execution intensity, rebalancing frequency and position size within maximum values previously defined by the user. Exceeding the maximum values selected by the user is technically excluded.

4

Scope and Usage Restrictions

4.1 Subject of use in Phase 1 (Execution Mode)

In Phase 1, Tradoo provides a non-custodial, rule-based execution infrastructure enabling the user to perform algorithmically defined trade executions in their own name and for their own account. Tradoo does not provide asset management, investment advice, strategic allocation decisions, or portfolio monitoring with intervention rights in Phase 1.

4.2 Permitted user groups (Closed User Group / Private Beta)

Access to the Platform in Phase 1 is restricted exclusively to the following user groups:

  • Shareholders of Tradoo AG
  • Pre-Seed and Seed investors
  • Contractually bound employees and officers
  • Expressly authorized pilot users / beta testers under confidentiality agreements

The provision of the Platform in Phase 1 occurs exclusively within this closed user group. Any public offering is made exclusively within the prospectus exemption pursuant to Art. 36(1)(b) FIDLEG, as the maximum total volume of capital raising does not exceed CHF 8 million.

5

Wallet and Asset Control (Non Custody)

5.1 Exclusive control by the user

All digital assets deposited by the user into the Smart Contract Vault for strategy execution remain at all times in the ownership and sole control of the user. The user retains complete and exclusive control over the associated private keys. Tradoo has no access to private keys or other means by which assets could be moved, released, or transferred at any time.

5.4 No Custody – No Transfer – No Rehypothecation

Tradoo does not custody user assets, does not hold client funds or tokens, does not maintain omnibus accounts or accounts in its own name, does not pledge, lend, or rehypothecate user assets.

Tradoo does not act as a custodian, depositary, intermediary, trustee, or broker in any regulatory or civil law sense.

6

Strategy Selection and Parametric Optimization

6.1 Strategy selection by the user

The user independently and at their own responsibility selects the strategy family (e.g., dynamic grid strategy, long-short hedge, market-neutral execution), the risk level and other fundamental framework parameters that determine the permitted orientation of trade execution. The fundamental strategic decision including risk capacity lies exclusively with the user. Tradoo has no substantive influence on these decisions.

6.2 Parametric optimization (tactical execution within the framework)

The Platform performs exclusively tactical fine-tuning within the strategy family and risk level selected by the user. This includes in particular: adaptive structuring and adjustment of grid/range levels, setting of hedge and hedging intensities within permissible limits, control of rebalancing frequencies and trigger mechanisms and variable position sizes within maximum parameters defined by the user.

7

Fee Structure (Phase 1)

7.1 Principle

Usage-dependent fees apply for use of the Platform. These fees relate exclusively to the provision of the technical execution and parametric infrastructure (Execution Layer, optimization logic, monitoring). The fees do not constitute compensation for asset management, investment advice, or strategic allocation decisions.

7.1a Fee waiver during the closed pilot phase

During the closed Private Beta (Phase 1), both the management fee (1.5% p.a.) and the performance fee (15% high-watermark) are fully waived. Participants in the pilot phase use the Platform free of charge. This arrangement applies exclusively to the closed participant group (shareholders, Pre-Seed/Seed investors, team members and authorized beta testers) and ends with the transition to Phase 2 or a corresponding notification by Tradoo..

7.2 Management fee (1.5% p.a.)

The management fee is 1.5% per year and relates exclusively to the provision of technical execution and infrastructure services in Phase 1. Calculation is pro rata temporis based on the assets deposited by the user in the Smart Contract Vault.

Applicable: Calculation occurs daily on a linear basis based on the respective Vault value. Implementation occurs through proportional adjustment of the user's economically assigned share within the Smart Contract Vault. No separate payment, transfer, or external transaction is required.

7.3 Performance fee (15% high-watermark)

The performance fee is 15% on realized net gains above the last documented high-watermark.

Applicable: The fee applies exclusively to actually realized gains (no fee on paper gains or interim fluctuations). Losses from prior periods must be fully recovered before a performance fee can be charged again (loss recapture principle).

8

Risk Disclosure

Important risk notice

8.1 Principle of self-responsibility

The user acts exclusively in their own name, for their own account and at their own risk. Use of the Platform may result in significant financial losses, including total loss of assets deposited in the Smart Contract Vault.

Tradoo makes no representations or guarantees regarding price or market developments, the effectiveness of individual execution logics, the achievability of specific results or returns, or the availability or uninterrupted operation of systems.

8.2 Market and price volatility

Digital assets are subject to sometimes significant price fluctuations. Rapid or unexpected market movements can materially affect execution of the selected strategy. The user bears the risk of all market and price changes entirely themselves.

8.3 Derivative and leverage risks

To the extent selected strategies use derivative instruments or leverage mechanisms, there is risk of disproportionate losses, rapid liquidations (e.g., through protocol or margin mechanisms) and automatic position closures. Such events may occur without warning and lead to total loss of collateral deposited in the Vault.

8.4 Smart contract and protocol risks

Execution occurs through smart contracts and third-party decentralized protocols. These may be affected by implementation or logic errors, security vulnerabilities, network congestion or outages, changes through protocol governance, or external attacks or manipulations. Tradoo has no influence over these systems and assumes no liability for them.

8.6 No capital guarantee / No minimum return

There is no guarantee of capital preservation or achievement of any particular return. Past results or simulated strategy performance do not allow conclusions about future results.

9

No Advisory / No Discretionary Asset Management in Phase 1

9.1 No investment advice

Tradoo does not provide investment advice within the meaning of Art. 3 lit. c FinSA or comparable foreign regulations. In particular, there is no personal or individual recommendation, assessment of suitability or appropriateness, evaluation of risk capacity, or recommendation regarding strategy or target value specifications.

9.2 No asset management within the meaning of Art. 17 FinIA / FMA guidelines

Tradoo does not provide asset management in the regulatory sense in Phase 1. In particular, the following do not occur:

  • Autonomous selection or exchange of assets
  • Strategic rebalancing between asset classes
  • Ongoing risk monitoring with intervention rights
  • Adjustment of risk level without express user decision
  • Ongoing portfolio optimization with discretionary scope
10

Transition to Phase 2 (Regulated Asset Management)

10.1 Required regulatory authorization

An extension of functions provided in Phase 1 to discretionary asset management, including autonomous allocation decisions or strategic portfolio adjustments, is permissible only after obtaining corresponding authorization from the competent supervisory authority (e.g., FMA Liechtenstein or FINMA Switzerland). Until such authorization is obtained, use remains limited to Execution Mode.

10.4 Consent requirement (opt-in)

Participation in Phase 2 requires separate, express and documented user consent, including:

  • Conclusion of a new separate contract
  • Acceptance of regulatory framework conditions
  • Identity and origin verification pursuant to anti-money laundering legislation (KYC/AML)

Without this consent, the user remains permanently in Phase 1 (Execution Mode).

11

User Obligations

11.1 Safeguarding of private keys

The user is solely responsible for secure custody of their private keys, protection against loss, theft, or unauthorized access and appropriate backup and security measures.

Important: Loss or compromise of private keys leads to permanent loss of access to assets held in the Wallet or Smart Contract Vault. Tradoo cannot recover private keys and has no access to them.

11.2 Beneficial ownership and legal authorization

The user represents that they are the legal and beneficial owner of the deposited assets, that they do not deposit any assets of unlawful or unclear origin and that they do not violate any legal, regulatory, or contractual obligations.

The user bears responsibility for compliance with all applicable regulations, in particular anti-money laundering legislation (AML/CFT), sanctions and embargo provisions and tax declaration obligations.

11.4 Confidentiality during Phase 1 (Private Beta)

During Phase 1, the user undertakes to treat all information about the Platform confidentially, not to disclose any content, data, screenshots, or technical details without consent and to use the Platform exclusively for internal evaluation purposes. This confidentiality obligation continues to apply after termination of use.

12

Liability Limitations

12.1 Principle of self-responsibility

All user decisions regarding selection of strategy family, setting of risk parameters, amount of assets deployed and activation, deactivation, or adjustment of strategy execution occur exclusively at the user"s own responsibility and risk. Tradoo assumes no fiduciary position and no duty of care or protection regarding the user"s investment decisions.

12.2 Exclusion of liability for market and protocol risks

Tradoo is not liable for damages, losses, or value changes arising from or in connection with: market volatility, price movements, or liquidity shortages; liquidations or automated closures of derivative positions; smart contract vulnerabilities, implementation errors, protocol or code exploits; failures, attacks, or misconduct of decentralized protocols, oracles, or blockchain networks; or network congestion, transaction delays, or gas/fee fluctuations.

12.3 No liability for private key losses

Since Tradoo has no access to user private keys or seed phrases, any liability for loss, forgetting, damage, disclosure, or compromise of the user"s private keys is excluded.

12.6 Liability only for intent and gross negligence

Tradoo is liable exclusively for intent and gross negligence. Any further liability, in particular for slight negligence, is excluded to the extent legally permissible.

13

Amendment of Terms

Tradoo reserves the right to amend these Private Beta Terms with effect for the future, to the extent required for technical, regulatory, or operational reasons. Amendments will be communicated to the user electronically in advance. Continued use after expiration of a reasonable review period (at least 10 days) constitutes acceptance of the amended version. The user may withdraw their assets from the Smart Contract Vault at any time without cost.

14

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

14.1 Applicable law

These Private Beta Terms are governed exclusively by Swiss law, excluding conflict of laws provisions and the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG).

14.2 Jurisdiction

The exclusive place of jurisdiction for all disputes arising from or in connection with these Private Beta Terms is Zug, Switzerland.

15

Contact and Notices

All notices in connection with these Private Beta Terms may be transmitted electronically. For legally relevant notices, the email address legal@tradoo.finance is deemed delivered, unless written form is expressly required by law or contract.

16

Final Provisions

16.1 Severability clause

Should any provision of these Private Beta Terms be or become invalid, unlawful, or unenforceable, the remaining provisions shall remain unaffected. The invalid, unlawful, or unenforceable provision shall be replaced by a valid, lawful and enforceable provision that most closely reflects the economic purpose of the original provision.

16.2 No assignment

The user may not assign any rights or obligations under these Private Beta Terms without Tradoo"s prior written consent. Tradoo is entitled to assign these Private Beta Terms in whole or in part to affiliated companies or successors.

16.3 Entire agreement

These Private Beta Terms, together with the supplementary documents (Terms of Use, Risk Disclosure Statement), constitute the entire agreement between the user and Tradoo. No oral side agreements exist.

Supplementary Documents

These Private Beta Terms apply in addition to the documents below. In case of conflict, the precedence is: Private Beta Terms → Terms of Use → Risk Disclosure Statement

Tradoo AG

Baarerstrasse 8 • CH-6300 Zug • Switzerland

UID: CHE-216.713.957 • Commercial Register

Email: legal@tradoo.finance

Document Type: Private Beta Terms

Phase 1 Execution Framework

Version 1.0 • November 15, 2025